ODAK Corporation - Drinking Water Standards

ODAK Corporation
Committed To Being the Industry Leader In a Leading Industry *Since 1979
The Ultimate In Residential, Commercial and Industrial
Sub-Micron Drinking Water Filtration Systems

NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS

Contaminants	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
Fluoride	4.0	4.0	Skeletal and dental fluorosis	Natural deposits; fertilizer, aluminum industries; water additive
Volatile Organics
Benzene	zero	0.005	Cancer	Some foods; gas, drugs, pesticides, paint, plastic industries
Carbon Tetrachloride	zero	0.005	Cancer	Solvents and their degradation products
p-Dichlorobenzene	0.075	0.075	Cancer	Room and water deodorants, and "mothballs"
1,2-Dichloroethane	zero	0.005	Cancer	Leaded gasoline, fumigants, paints
1,1-Dichloroethylene	0.007	0.007	Cancer	Plastics, dyes, perfumes, paints
Trichloroethylene	zero	0.005	Cancer	Textiles, adhesives and metal degreasers
1,1,1-Trichloroethane	0.2	0.2	Liver, Nervous system effects	Adhesives, aerosols, textiles, paints, inks, metal degreasers
Vinyl Chloride	zero	0.002	Cancer	May leach from PVC pipe; formed by solvent break down
Coliform and Surface Water Treatment
Giardia Lamblia	zero	TT	Gastroenteric disease	Human and animal fecal waste
Legionella	zero	TT	Legionnaire's disease	Indigenous to natural waters; can grow in water heating systems
Standard Plate Count	N/A	TT	Indicates water quality, effectiveness of treatment
Total Coliform*	zero	<5%+	Indicates gastroenteric pathogens	Human and animal fecal waste
Turbidity*	N/A	TT	Interferes with disinfection, filtration	Soil runoff
Viruses	zero	TT	Gastroenteric disease	Human and animal fecal waste
Notes: TT=Special treatment techniques required Contaminants with interim standards which have been revised. +=less than 5% positive samples*

Contaminants	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
Inorganics
Antimony	0.006	0.006	Cancer	Fire retardants, ceramics, electronics, fireworks, solder
Asbestos (>10m)	7MFL	7MFL	Cancer	Natural deposits; asbestos cement in water systems
Barium*	2	2	Circulatory system effects	Natural deposits, pigments, epoxy sealants, spent coal
Beryllium	0.004	0.004	Bone, lung damage	Electrical, aerospace, defense industries
Cadmium*	0.005	0.005	Kidney effects	Galvanized pipe corrosion; natural deposits; batteries, paints
Chromium* (total)	0.1	0.1	Liver, kidney, circulatory disorders	Natural deposits; mining, electroplating, pigments
Cyanide	0.2	0.2	Thyroid, nervous system damage	Electroplating, steel, plastics, mining, fertilizer
Mercury* (inorganic)	0.002	0.002	Kidney, nervous system disorders	Crop runoff; natural deposits; batteries, electrical switches
Nitrate*	10	10	Methemoglobulinemia	Animal waste, fertilizer, natural deposits, septic tanks, sewage
Nitrite	1	1	Methemoglobulinemia	Same as nitrate; rapidly converted to nitrate
Selenium*	0.05	0.05	Liver damage	Natural deposits; mining, smelting, coal/oil combustion
Thallium	0.0005	0.002	Kidney, liver, brain, intestinal	Electronics, drugs, alloys, glass
Notes: Contaminants with interim standards which have been revised. MFL=million fibers per liter.*

Contaminants	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
Organics (1of 4)
Acrylamide	zero	TT	Cancer, nervous system effects	Polymers used in sewage/wastewater treatment
Adipate, (di (2-ehtylhexyl)	0.4	0.4	Decreased body weight	Synthetic rubber, food packaging, cosmetics
Alachlor	zero	0.002	Cancer	Runoff from herbicide on corn, soybeans, other crops
Atrazine	0.003	0.003	Mammary gland tumors	Runoff from use as herbicide on corn and non-cropland
Carbofuran	0.04	0.04	Nervous, reproductive system effects	Soil fumigant on corn and cotton; restricted in some areas
Chlordane*	zero	0.002	Cancer	Leaching from soil treatment for termites
Chlorobenzene	0.1	0.1	Nervous system and liver effects	Waste solvent from metal degreasing processes
Dalapon	0.2	0.2	Liver and kidney effects	Herbicide on orchards, beans, coffee, lawns, road/railways
Dibromochloropropane	zero	0.0002	Cancer	Soil fumigant on soybeans, cotton, pineapple, orchards
o-Dichlorobenzene	0.6	0.6	Liver, kidney, blood cell damage	Paints, engine cleaning compounds, dyes, chemical wastes
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene	0.07	0.07	Liver, kidney, nervous, circulatory	Waste industrial extraction solvents
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene	0.1	0.1	Liver, kidney, nervous, circulatory	Waste industrial extraction solvents
Dichloromethane	zero	0.005	Cancer	Paint stripper, metal degreaser, propellant, extraction
1,2-Dichloropropane	zero	0.005	Liver, kidney effects; cancer	Soil fumigant; waste industrial solvents
Notes: *Contaminants with interim standards which have been revised.

Contaminants	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
Organics (2 of 4)
Dinoseb	0.007	0.007	Thyroid, reproductive organ damage	Runoff of herbicide from crop and non-crop applications
Dioxin	zero	0.00000003	Cancer	Chemical production by-product; impurity in herbicides
Diquat	0.02	0.02	Liver, kidney, eye effects	Runoff of herbicide on land and aquatic weeds
2,4-D*	0.07	0.07	Liver and kidney damage	Runoff from herbicide on wheat, corn, rangelands, lawns
Endothall	0.1	0.1	Liver, kidney, gastrointestinal	Herbicide on crops, land/aquatic weeds; rapidly degraded
Endrin	0.002	0.002	Liver, kidney, heart damage	Pesticide on insects, rodents, birds; restricted since 1980
Epichlorohydrin	zero	TT	Cancer	Water treatment chemicals; waste epoxy resins, coatings
Ethylbenzene	0.7	0.7	Liver, kidney, nervous system	Gasoline; insecticides; chemical manufacturing wastes
Ethylene dibromide	zero	0.00005	Cancer	Leaded gasoline additives; leaching of soil fumigant
Glyphosate	0.7	0.7	Liver, kidney damage	Herbicide on grasses, weeds, brush
Heptachlor	zero	0.0004	Cancer	Leaching of insecticide for termites, very few crops
Heptachlor epoxide	zero	0.0002	Cancer	Biodegradation of heptachlor
Notes: Contaminants with interim standards which have been revised. TT=Special treatment techniques required*

Contaminants	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
Organics (3 of 4)
Hexchlorobenzene	zero	0.001	Cancer	Pesticide production waste by-product
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene	0.05	0.05	Kidney, stomach damage	Pesticide production intermediate
Lindane	0.0002	0.0002	Liver, kidney, nervous, immune, circulatory	Insecticide on cattle, lumber, gardens; restricted in 1983
Methoxychlor	0.04	0.04	Growth, liver, kidney, nerve effects	Insecticide for fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock, pets
Oxamyl (Vydate)	0.2	0.2	Kidney damage	Insecticide on apples, potatoes, tomatoes
PAHs (benzo(a)pyrene)	zero	0.0002	Cancer	Coal tar coatings; burning organic matter; volcanoes, fossil fuels
PCBs	zero	0.0005	Cancer	Coolant oils from electrical transformers; plasticizers
Pentachlorophenol	zero	0.001	Liver and kidney effects, and cancer	Wood preservatives, herbicide, cooling tower wastes
Phthalate, (di (2-ethylhexyl))	zero	0.006	Cancer	PVC and other plastics
Picloram	0.5	0.5	Kidney, liver damage	Herbicide on broadleaf and woody plants
Simazine	0.004	0.004	Cancer	Herbicide on grass sod, some crops, aquatic algae
Styrene	0.1	0.1	Liver, nervous system damage	Plastics, rubber, resin, drug industries; leachate from city landfills
Tetrachloroethylene	zero	0.005	Cancer	Improper disposal of dry cleaning and other solvents
Toluene	1	1	Liver, kidney, nervous, circulatory	Gasoline additive; manufacturing and solvent operations

Contaminants	MCLG (mg/L)	MCL (mg/L)	Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water	Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water
Organics (4 of 4)
Toxaphene	zero	0.003	Cancer	Insecticide on cattle, cotton, soybeans; canceled in 1982
2,4,5-TP	0.05	0.05	Liver and kidney damage	Herbicide on crops, right-of-way, golf courses; canceled in 1983
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	0.07	0.07	Liver, kidney damage	Herbicide production, dye carrier
1,1,2-Trichloroethane	0.003	0.005	Kidney, liver, nervous system	Solvent in rubber, other organic products; chemical production wastes
Xylenes (total)	10	10	Liver, kidney, nervous system	By-product of gasoline refining; paints, inks, detergents
Lead and Copper
Lead*	zero	TT+	Kidneys, nervous system damage	Natural/industrial deposits; plumbing, solder, brass alloy faucets
Copper	1.3	TT#	Gastrointestinal irritation	Natural/industrial deposits; wood preservatives, plumbing
Other Interim Standards
Beta/photon emitters	zero	4mrem/yr	Cancer	Decay of radionuclides in natural and man-made deposits
Alpha emitters	zero	15pCi/L	Cancer	Decay of radionuclides in natural deposits
Combined Radium 226/228	zero	5pCi/L	Bone cancer	Natural deposits
Arsenic*	0.05	0.05	Skin, nervous system toxicity	Natural deposits; smelters, glass, electronics wastes; orchards
Total Trihalomethanes	zero	0.10	Cancer	Drinking water chlorination by-products
Notes: +=Action Level 0.015mg/L #=Action Level 1.3 mg/L Contaminants with interim standards which have been revised. pCi=picocuries*

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